We shall now turn to another area of deductive logic, one concerned with a class of arguments involving what we shall call categorical statements. We will learn how to recognize these statements and learn some of the logical relations that obtain between them.
Section 1: Categorical StatementsHere we introduced our four standard forms
and discussed how they are to be interpreted.
We noted a number of logical relations between statements and terms. We noted that they they may be logically equivalent, contrary or contradictory. Here we introduced a standard means of forming negative terms. We introduced a number of logical operations such as conversion, contraposition and obversion. Many statements, for example, the statement that it is not the case that not all jokes are funny, are not in standard form, but can be put into standard form. That not all jokes are funny can be restated as the O statement that some jokes are not funny. Here we will practice putting arguments in standard form. Section 2: Venn DiagramsHere we will study Venn Diagrams. If you wish
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